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Subband Array Implementations for Space-Time Adaptive Processing
Yimin Zhang,Kehu Yang,Moeness G. Amin
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing , 2005, DOI: 10.1155/asp.2005.99
Abstract: Intersymbol interference (ISI) and cochannel interference (CCI) are two primary sources of signal impairment in mobile communications. In order to suppress both ISI and CCI, space-time adaptive processing (STAP) has been shown to be effective in performing spatio-temporal equalization, leading to increased communication capacity as well as improved quality of service. The high complexity and slow convergence, however, often impede practical STAP implementations. Several subband array structures have been proposed as alternatives to STAP. These structures provide optimal or suboptimal steady-state performance with reduced implementation complexity and improved convergence performance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the steady-state performance of subband arrays with centralized and localized feedback schemes, using different decimation rates. Analytical expressions of the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) performance are derived. The analysis assumes discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based subband arrays and considers both unconstrained and constrained weight adaptations.
Editorial: can China master the guideline challenge?
Yang Kehu,Chen Yaolong,Li Youping,Schünemann Holger J
Health Research Policy and Systems , 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1478-4505-11-1
Abstract: China is experiencing increased health care use and expenditures, without sufficient controls to ensure quality and value. Transparent, cost-conscious and patient-centered guidelines based on the best available evidence could help establishing these quality and practice measures. We examined how guidelines could support the Chinese health reform. Specifically, we summarized the current state of the art and related challenges in guideline development and explored possible solutions in the context of the Chinese health reform. China currently lacks capacity for evidence-based guideline development and coordination by a central agency. Most Chinese guideline users rely on recommendations developed by professional groups that lack demonstration of transparency (including conflict of interest management and evidence synthesis) and quality. These deficiencies appear larger than in other regions of the world. In addition, misperceptions about the role of guidelines in assisting practitioners as opposed to providing rules requiring adherence, and a perception that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cannot be appropriately incorporated in guidelines are present. China’s capacity could be strengthened by a central guideline agency to provide or coordinate evidence synthesis for guideline development and to oversee the work of guideline developers. China can build on what is known and work with the international community to develop methods to meet the challenges of evidence-based guideline development.
A Meta Analysis of Radiosensitivity on Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Metronidazole Amino Acidum Natrium
Weiwei REN,Zheng LI,Denghai MI,Kehu YANG
Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer , 2012, DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2012.06.04
Abstract: Background and objective The efficacy and safety of radiosensitivity on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using metronidazole amino acidum natrium (CMNa) are yet to be proven. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of radiosensitivity on NSCLC by CMNa to provide references for further clinical practice and research. Methods Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained from the Cochrane library, Pubmed, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and Wan Fang databases. Dates were searched through other means. RCTs of radiosensitivity on NSCLC by CMNa were included. The data included in the study were evaluated and analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.1 software. Results A total of 21 RCTs were included. The results of the meta-analyses showed that the total effective rate of the test group that received CMNa plus radiotherapy was higher than that of the control group that received radiotherapy alone (OR=3.29, 95%CI: 2.47-4.39, P<0.000,01) or radiotherapy plus placebo (OR=3.65, 95%CI: 2.25-5.92, P<0.000,01), respectively. No significant differences were found in the quality of life between one and two-year survival rates (P>0.05). No significant differences were found among radiation pneumonitis, radiation esophagitis, hematological toxicity, and cardiotoxicity (P>0.05). Conclusion CMNa plus radiotherapy elicit beneficial effects in the treatment of NSCLC and produce fewer adverse effects. Therefore, this technique can be recommended and applied in clinics.
Thermo-chemotherapy of GP or TP for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Denghai MI,Zheng LI,Kehu YANG,Nong CAO
Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer , 2012, DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2012.08.02
Abstract: Background and objective Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by poor treatment efficacy and short survival time. Clinical trials have shown that the combination of chemotherapy with thermotherapy exhibits strong efficacy. We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) and paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) combined with thermotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC, as well as to provide reference for clinical practice and future research. Methods We searched international (Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE) and Chinese (CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang) databases for relevant articles and imported other retrievable sources, such as tracing-related references. We also corresponded with other authors to obtain certain inaccessible information. Data from all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) were collected to compare GP or TP thermochemotherapy with GP or TP chemotherapy alone. The quality of the included studies was assessed by adequate outcome-based standards and clinical circumstances. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.1. Results Fifteen RCTs involving 952 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the thermochemotherapy group had higher rates of improvement in quality of life (OR=3.84, 95%CI: 2.61-5.64), survival at 1 year (HR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.21-3.12), and survival at 2 years (HR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.18-3.58) compared with the chemotherapy group, with the differences between them being significant. However, these groups did not differ in other indicators of treatment effectiveness, such as myelosuppression, alimentary canal reactions, hepatic lesions, and diarrhea. Conclusion Compared with chemotherapy alone, thermochemotherapy can improve survival rates and curative effects, ameliorate symptoms, and enhance the quality of life of patients with advanced NSCLC, and it has an acceptable safety profile. The results of this meta-analysis warrant further investigation with a larger sample size and using a high-quality RCT design.
Vinorelbine plus Oxaliplatin versus Vinorelbine plus Cisplatin for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Xia LIU,Li MA,Kehu YANG,Jinhui TIAN
Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer , 2010,
Abstract: Background and objective Cisplatin (DDP) plus vinorelbine (NVB) constitute the first-line regimen (NP regimen) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Oxaliplatin (OXA) is another effective drug in treatment of NSCLC with mild toxicities to gastrointestinal tract, kidney and bone marrow. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency and safety between NVB plus OXA (NO) regimen and NP regimen for advanced NSCLC. Methods We searched CBM, CNKI, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, ASCO etc. conference proceedings and internet information. Randomized controlled trials of NO versus NP for advanced NSCLC were included; we evaluated the quality of the included studies and analyzed data by Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.0 software. Results Fourteen randomized trials involving 1 270 patients were included. There were no statistical differences between NO and NP in overall response rate, disease control rate, 1-year survival rate, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Gastrointestinal toxicity, leucopenia, alopecia and kidney toxicity were more serious in NP (P < 0.05), but neuritis was more serious in NO, with significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion The clinical efficacy of NO and NP for advanced NSCLC was similar, but the side effects were different. The toxicity of NO has the tendency to be more tolerable.
Irinotecan/cisplatin versus Etoposide/cisplatin for Patients with Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Nan YAO,Lei JIANG,Kehu YANG,Yancheng YE
Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer , 2009,
Abstract: Background and objective It is unclear whether etoposide/cisplatin (EP) regimen is the optimal chemotherapy regimen in the treatment patients with extensive small cell lung cancer (SCLC), this study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of patients with extensive SCLC treated with irinotecan/cisplatin (IP) versus EP. Methods We searched EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, China journal full-text database (CJFD), Chinese scientific journal full-text database (CSJD), Chinese biomedicine literature database (CBM) for randomized controlled trials comparing IP with EP regimens. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of included studies and extracted data. We analyzed the data using Review Manager (version 5.0). Results Four randomized controlled trials totaling 1 180 patients were included. The results of meta analysis were as follows: there was no significant difference between IP regimen and EP regimens in one year survive rate (RR=1.22, 95%CI: 0.97-1.54), two year survive rate (RR=2.26, 95%CI: 0.46-11.21). There was significant difference between IP regimen and EP regimens in overall response rate (RR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.03-1.25), grade 3/4 neutropenia (RR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.34-0.69), thrombopenia (RR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.15-0.36), grade 3 anemia (RR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.40-0.77), grade 3/4 diarrhea (RR=9.56, 95%CI: 4.91-18.59), grade 3 nausea/vomiting (RR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.19-2.43). Conclusion There is no significant difference between IP group and EP group with regard to one year survive rate, two year survive rate, but IP regimen improves reponse rate. IP regimen has less hematologic & greater gastrointestinal toxicity compared with EP, EP regimen remain the main standard chemotherapy in the treatment extensive small cell lung cancer due to cheapness, they still need to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials.
Comparison of the airway complications of subtypes of laryngeal mask airway and i-gel in child patients under general anaesthesia: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised control trials
Jieting Liu,Kehu Yang,Muyang Li,Runjin Cai,Xiaonan Xu
- , 2020, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032691
Abstract: Introduction Laryngeal mask airway (LMA), an alternative to traditional tracheal intubation, is widely used in clinical practice and is considered to be an effective device for airway management. LMA and i-gel have been widely used in anaesthesia and emergency situations in children. Some systematic reviews have evaluated the efficacy of LMA and i-gel in children, but they have not shown consistent results in clinical performance. This study aims to evaluate the airway complications of all subtypes of LMA and i-gel in child patients under general anaesthesia using a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods and analysis PubMed, EMBASE.com, the Cochrane library, Web of Science and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database will be searched from inception to January 2019. We will include prospective randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that reported the subtypes of LMA and i-gel regardless of sample size. The risk of bias assessment of the included RCTs will be conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook V.5.1.0. A Bayesian NMA will be performed using WinBUGS V.1.4.3. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to explore the quality of evidence. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval and patient consent are not required as this study is an NMA based on published trials. The results of this NMA will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019127668
How equity is addressed in clinical practice guidelines: a content analysis
Chunhu Shi,Dan Ren,Jennifer Petkovic,Jinhui Tian,Kehu Yang,Quan Wang,Yang Yang
- , 2014, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005660
Abstract: Objectives Considering equity into guidelines presents methodological challenges. This study aims to qualitatively synthesise the methods for incorporating equity in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Setting Content analysis of methodological publications. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Methodological publications were included if they provided checklists/frameworks on when, how and to what extent equity should be incorporated in CPGs. Data sources We electronically searched MEDLINE, retrieved references, and browsed guideline development organisation websites from inception to January 2013. After study selection by two authors, general characteristics and checklists items/framework components from included studies were extracted. Based on the questions or items from checklists/frameworks (unit of analysis), content analysis was conducted to identify themes and questions/items were grouped into these themes. Primary outcomes The primary outcomes were methodological themes and processes on how to address equity issues in guideline development. Results 8 studies with 10 publications were included from 3405 citations. In total, a list of 87 questions/items was generated from 17 checklists/frameworks. After content analysis, questions were grouped into eight themes (‘scoping questions’, ‘searching relevant evidence’, ‘appraising evidence and recommendations’, ‘formulating recommendations’, ‘monitoring implementation’, ‘providing a flow chart to include equity in CPGs’, and ‘others: reporting of guidelines and comments from stakeholders’ for CPG developers and ‘assessing the quality of CPGs’ for CPG users). Four included studies covered more than five of these themes. We also summarised the process of guideline development based on the themes mentioned above. Conclusions For disadvantaged population-specific CPGs, eight important methodological issues identified in this review should be considered when including equity in CPGs under the guidance of a scientific guideline development manual
Risk of Bias Tool in Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analyses of Acupuncture in Chinese Journals
Yali Liu,Shengping Yang,Junjie Dai,Yongteng Xu,Rui Zhang,Huaili Jiang,Xianxia Yan,Kehu Yang
PLOS ONE , 2012, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028130
Abstract: Use of a risk of bias (ROB) tool has been encouraged and advocated to reviewers writing systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs). Selective outcome reporting and other sources of bias are included in the Cochrane ROB tool. It is important to know how this specific tool for assessing ROB has been applied since its release. Our objectives were to evaluate whether and to what extent the new Cochrane ROB tool has been used in Chinese journal papers of acupuncture.
Use of AMSTAR-2 in the methodological assessment of systematic reviews: protocol for a methodological study
Cuncun Lu,Kehu Yang,Long Ge,Nan Yang,Peijing Yan,Tingting Lu
- , 2020, DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-392a
Abstract: According to the National Academy of Medicine, a systematic review (SR) is “a scientific investigation that focuses on a specific question and uses explicit, prespecified scientific methods to identify, select, assess, and summarize the findings of similar but separate studies” (1). The meta-analysis (MA) is a statistic method that aims to quantitatively pool individual results from homogeneous primary studies, and SRs are often but not always accompanied with MAs (2). At present, SRs mainly include qualitative SRs, traditional paired MAs, MAs of individual patient data, and network MAs, among others (3-5). SR and MA had been widely used in resolving questions in various healthcare domains, such as public health, surgery and traditional Chinese medicine (3,6,7). These SRs can provide evidence to support decision-making, and are the cornerstone of evidence-based clinical practice and evidence-informed policymaking. However, it is noteworthy that not all SRs are reliable and valuable, and only well-designed, strictly performed, unbiased SRs are excellent evidence resources that can provide scientific evidence to support evidence-based healthcare (1,8)
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